《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(4): 793-802

禾本科作物根毛发育机制研究进展

黄琳丽^1,2，高润红^1,2，郭桂梅^1,2，陈志伟^1,2，李颖波^1,2，宗营杰^1,2，张述伟^1,2，陆瑞菊^1,2,*，刘成洪^1,2,*

¹上海市农业科学院生物技术研究所, 上海201106；²上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室, 上海201106

通信作者：陆瑞菊；E-mail: luruiju62@163.com；刘成洪；E-mail: liuchenghong@saas.sh.cn

摘　要：

根毛是植物从土壤中吸收水分和养分的重要器官, 研究其发育过程、应对根际生物与非生物胁迫的适应性对提高作物抗逆性具有重要意义。根毛发育的分子机制研究主要集中在模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)中, 近年来在禾本科作物上也取得了一定的进展。本文介绍了根毛的发生模式、发育规律及影响其发育的遗传因素与环境因素, 以及水稻(Oryza sativa)、玉米(Zea mays)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare)等重要禾本科作物根毛发育机制的研究进展, 并对作物根毛发育的机制研究与育种应用前景进行了展望。

关键词：禾本科作物; 根毛; 发育; 抗逆性; 育种

收稿：2020-08-15   修定：2021-03-10

资助：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-05-01A-02)

Research progress of root hair development mechanism in gramineous crops

HUANG Linli^1,2, GAO Runhong^1,2, GUO Guimei^1,2, CHEN Zhiwei^1,2, LI Yingbo^1,2, ZONG Yingjie^1,2, ZHANG Shuwei^1,2, LU Ruiju^1,2,*, LIU Chenghong^1,2,*

¹Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; ²Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201106, China

Corresponding author: LU Ruiju; E-mail: luruiju62@163.com; LIU Chenghong; E-mail: liuchenghong@saas.sh.cn

Abstract:

Root hair is an important organ for plants to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. The research of root hair development process and adaptability to biotic and abiotic stresses in the rhizosphere is signifcant for improving crop stress resistance. The molecular mechanism of root hair development is mainly concentrated in Arabidopsis. In recent years, some progress has been made in Gramineae crops. In this paper, we introduce the occurrence pattern and development rule of root hair. More than that genetic and environmental factors affecting the development of root hairs are discussed. Furthermore, the development mechanism of root hairs in rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) are reviewed. In addition, we prospect the research on mechanism of root hair development and the breeding application.

Key words: gramineous crop; root hair; developmen; stress resistance; breeding